Sikkimese and Tibetan Buddhist Manuscripts · Himalayas
Sikkimese and Tibetan Buddhist Manuscripts
Team Updates
Research Associate Dr. Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia is a Lhopo knowledge keeper and scholar of the cultures, religions, literatures, and histories of Sikkim, India, in the eastern Himalayas, and connections between Sikkim, Tibet, Bhutan, and Nepal. His publications and research focus on human and more-than-human relationships in the valleys and mountains of Sikkim, connected to ritual, land, food, and climate change. His research interests include book provenance, Indigenous knowledge, cultural reclamation, and repatriation. Part of his work as a lead researcher for the Himalayas project area, Bhutia researches the texts and provenance histories of Tibetan language manuscripts and printed books in the MacDonald Collection of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto, and connects these books to Himalayan communities locally and globally. Bhutia has led traditional knowledge workshops in Sikkim and in North America, focused on sharing traditional ink-making and prayer flag printing techniques. Sharing this knowledge within Tibetan and Himalayan communities in the Himalayas and the global diaspora is essential for restoring environmental sustainability for these Tibetan spiritual and artistic practices and will have an important impact.
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia (Left) and Za Thinley Gyatso (Right) visiting with Tibetan Buddhist manuscripts in the Lhalungpa Collection, UofT’s East Asian Library. Gyatso completed description work for the hundreds of books in the collection. Sept. 2025.
Hidden Stories team member Za Thinley Gyatso is a PhD candidate in the Study of Religion, with a Doctoral Collaborative Specialization in Environmental Studies at the School of the Environment, University of Toronto. He joins the Hidden Stories team as a Doctoral Fellow, continuing his research on Buddhist ecocritical literature in medieval Tibet, work which sits between Buddhist Studies and Environmental Studies. Along with his doctoral research, Gyatso has been instrumental in the descriptive inventorying of over 1,500 Tibetan texts in the Lobsang P. Lhalungpa Collection at the University of Toronto’s East Asian Library, work which will be transformative for the field of Buddhist Studies.
North American Collections - Toronto The Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto, holds a collection of 70 manuscripts and 101 woodblock-printed books in the MacDonald Collection. These are primarily Tibetan texts, with some books from Sikkim and Nepal. The Hidden Stories project works on provenance research on books in the MacDonald Collection, research on sewn bookbindings, as well as the study of ritual use of books in the collection. This work is led by Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia (Hidden Stories), with research support by Thinley Gyatso (PhD Candidate in Buddhist Studies, U of T), James Canary (Lilly Library, Indiana U), and Tim Perry (U of T Libraries).
Jim Canary (Head Cons., Indiana U.) and Maia Balint (Conservator, UofT Fisher Library) discussing care of some Tibetan paper manuscripts at UofT Fisher Library. Sept. 2025. Photo: M. Moreton
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia visiting with Sikkimese texts during research trip to UofT’s Fisher Library. May 2025.
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia visiting with Sikkimese texts during a research trip to Fisher Library. May 2025. Photo: M. Moreton
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia visiting with Tibetan Buddhist texts. Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, UofT. May 2025.
A Sikkimese manuscript with ritual thumbprint on the opening leaf. A collection of treasure texts containing meditative and ritual practices (rDa rje snying po sprin gyi thol glu), 19th c.. Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Tibetan MSS 00033.
Sewn binding on a Tibetan compilation of biographical and folklore texts in the MacDonald collection. Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Tibetan MSS 00055 and 00056.
Thinley Gyatso (U of T) reading a woodblock-printed pothi-style book at the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
Detail of a sewn book - an 18th-c. medical compendium (sman yig gces bsdus). Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Tibetan MSS 00029.
Fold book - a copy of rtsa gsum rab 'byams rgya mtshor mchod pa’i rnam bshad, a ritual text used during tantric sadhana practice. Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Tibetan MSS 00051.
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia visiting with Tibetan Buddhist texts. Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, UofT. May 2025.