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                    <text>NEWSLETTER - SUMMER 2025

Table of Contents
1. EVENTS
Techialoyan Workshop
Fisher Summer Seminar on Jewish Books
2. LECTURES AND CONVERSATIONS
Manuscript Conservation Seminar - Copenhagen
Rare Book Libraries Conference - Yale
Cultural Heritage Imaging - Dubrovnik
Global Judaica Presentations
HTR Workshop - Princeton
Science Rendezvous - Toronto

Greetings to friends of the Hidden Stories project,
We hope the new season has begun well for you, in spite of the
complicated times we are living in. We have a lot to report as we move
into the final years of our Mellon Foundation-funded Hidden Stories: New
Approaches to the Local and Global History of the Book, looking back at
what has been accomplished so far and looking forward to the challenges
and opportunities that lie ahead.
Some changes in our research team have taken place, with two new
Doctoral Researchers — Thinley Gyatso and Christina Nguyen — joining
the project; co-PI Sian Meikle has recently retired from her role as Special
Projects Librarian in the Office of the Chief Librarian at University of
Toronto Libraries; and Project Librarian Rachel Di Cresce has moved to

3. PUBLICATIONS

the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections at the UofT’s

Video - Traditional Care Practices for Wampum

Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, as the new Special Collections

Book - Jewish Books in North Africa

Librarian for Book Science. This welcome development is a tribute to the

Article - More-Than-Human Beings in Eastern Himalayas

successful establishment of Book Science as a key research area at the
library, where Di Cresce will be working with the Mark Andrews Hub for

4. RESEARCH UPDATES

Book Science as well as the Hidden Stories Project.

Techialoyan Fibre Analysis
Munsee Europe Research Trip

Highlights of this semi-annual newsletter include events hosted at our

Kairouan Manuscript Project

project hubs, with a workshop on a Techialoyan codex and a summer

Visit with Himalayan Belongings

seminar on early Hebrew printed books at UofT, and a workshop on

Mouldy Books

handwritten text recognition at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS),

Multispectral Imaging with RIT

Princeton. Team members presented research in international settings,

Global Judaica Updates

including imaging and book science (in Croatia) and care and conservation of
manuscripts (in Copenhagen), while some of our Indigenous collaborators

5. TEAM UPDATES

carried out research visits with their belongings now housed in North

Rachel Di Cresce

American (books from Tibet and the Himalayas) and European (Munsee

Thinley Gyatso

Delaware wampum and other ceremonial items) libraries and museums.

Christina Nguyen

New research avenues will take us into the study of moulds and fungi in

6. UPCOMING
Exhibition - Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library

manuscripts, and deeper into the study of provenance as a crucial aspect
of the history of the book. In short, we are grateful to be doing this work in
partnership with this thoughtful and generous community of researchers,
and send our warmest wishes to you along with these updates.
Hidden Stories co-PIs:
Alexandra Gillespie (University of Toronto)
Suzanne Conklin Akbari (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton)

�EVENTS
“Understanding Colour in a Techialoyan Codex” - Toronto
On Aug 18-19, the Hidden Stories workshop “Understanding Colour in a Techialoyan Codex” at the University of Toronto (UofT) brought
together researchers, archivists, conservators, and scientists to learn about a Techialoyan codex of Axoloapan Xoloctlan, an illustrated
book of 15 leaves on amatl (a sheet material made from ficus bark) and written in Nahuatl, from Tecámac, Mexico (1690–1720). Now
housed at the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, this codex will be included in the Fisher’s fall exhibition, 70 Rare Books, Special
Collections, Archives (Sept–Dec 2025). The workshop featured presentations by Élodie Dupey García (UNAM, Mexico City) David Buti
(MOLAB/National Research Council in Perugia), cultural heritage conservator Itzel Sánchez Alonso, Itzel González Pérez (INAH/
BNAH, Mexico City), David Fernández and Maia Balint (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library), Hidden Stories’ Suzanne Akbari and Melissa
Moreton (both IAS), and Alex Gillespie. These researchers brought together the research that has happened on this manuscript so far,
contextualizing it in the light of current scholarship on Mesoamerican (especially Nahua) use of colours and pigments in codices, while
building connections across projects with Indigenous community partners and laying the groundwork for a new study of the pigments
in this manuscript to take place over the coming year.

Folio of the Techialoyan codex of Axoloapan Xoloctlan, painted on amatl
and written in Nahuatl, from Tecámac, Mexico, late 17th-early 18th c.
Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

Conservator Maia Balint (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library) examines the manuscript with Élodie
Dupey García (UNAM, Mexico City) and David Buti (MOLAB/National Research Council in Perugia).

Footprints - Fisher Summer Seminar on Jewish Books
Hidden Stories Postdoctoral Fellow Noam Sienna co-taught the June (9-10) Summer Seminar at the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library
at the UofT. The workshop, “Paleography and Provenance in Printed Hebraica,” was a collaboration with the Columbia University
project Footprints: Jewish Books through Time and Place. The intensive workshop offered training in paleography (reading handwritten
texts) in Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, Judeo-Greek, and other languages. Participants used manuscript annotations in the margins of printed
Hebraica to produce records on provenance, book use, and circulation of Jewish books across the early modern world, which were
added to the growing Footprints database. Read more about Global Judaica events on the Digital Hub.

2

�LECTURES &amp;
CONVERSATIONS
Care and Conservation of Manuscripts Seminar - Copenhagen
Hidden Stories Research Associate Melissa Moreton
organized and presented on a panel on “Traditional Care
Practices for Books: Connecting Local Knowledge to
Global Care” at the Care and Conservation of Manuscripts
Seminar in Copenhagen. The April 11th plenary session,
held at the beautiful Royal Danish Library’s Queen’s
Hall, explored traditional care practices for books and
book-adjacent belongings such as wampum and amulet
scrolls with speakers Melissa Moreton (IAS), Eyob Derillo
(SOAS, University of London), Jasdip Singh Dhillon (Pothi
Seva; Oxford Conservation Consortium), Bidur Bhattarai
(University of Hamburg), Amanda McLeod (Sagkeeng
Anicinabe Nation), and Giselle Simón (University of Iowa).
The panel highlighted the importance of incorporating
Indigenous knowledge and worldviews into institutional
and conservation practices and discussed institutional
obligations for the care of belongings. Read more on the
Digital Hub and watch the presentation here.

Hidden Stories team members post-presentation at the Care and Conservation of Manuscripts
Seminar, Royal Danish Library, Copenhagen (LT to RT: Alberto Campagnolo, Amanda McLeod,
Giselle Simón, Bidur Bhattarai, Jasdip Singh Dhillon). Photo: Melissa Moreton

Rare Book Libraries Conference - Yale
Moreton and McLeod, along with Grant Hurley (Canadiana Librarian, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto), co-presented on
a panel on June 26 at RBMS — the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of the American Library Association. The session, held at
the Yale University Center for British Art, focused on knowledge-sharing projects taking place at American (Princeton) and Canadian
(UofT) libraries, led by members of origin communities, whose belongings reside in those spaces. McLeod presented her preliminary
conservation research studying the deterioration of wampum beads and McLeod and Moreton discussed their work on the Hidden
Stories’ Traditional Care Practices video series. While at Yale, McLeod also presented a talk on “Best Practices for Cross-Collection
Care” to a group of staff, faculty and students on the experiences, challenges, and realities of incorporating Indigenous knowledge and
worldviews in cultural and heritage institutions. The goal of these conversations is to build tangible connections linking institutions to
the communities whose belongings they hold, and finding new ways of caring for manuscripts and book-adjacent objects that benefit
communities and their more-than-human relations — while providing a framework for how institutional caretakers might begin such
work. Read more about Great Lakes &amp; Eastern Woodlands community-led research on the Digital Hub.

Imaging and Book Science Presentation - Dubrovnik
On March 27, Stephanie Lahey (Andrews Postdoctoral Fellow in Book Science, UofT) presented a paper by Alex Gillespie and Jess
Lockhart, “Good to MISHA: Building Relationships and Imagining a Collaborative Book Science Lab in Toronto,” at the Cultural Heritage
Imaging &amp; Innovation Conference in Dubrovnik, Croatia (March 25-28).

3

�Global Judaica Presentations
Sienna participated in a three-day seminar in April hosted by Pennsylvania State University, “Jewish-Muslim Relations in the Maghrib,
8th Century to the Present,” which brought together academics, artists, and museum curators from Morocco, Europe, and North
America to discuss the state of the field, brainstorm future collaborative projects, and build up collegial interdisciplinary relationships.
Sienna also presented on early modern Sephardi paleography and book culture at the annual Hebrew Manuscript Seminar of the
Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Judaic Studies, held at the Bodleian Library in July.
In May, Sienna presented his talk “Landscapes of Print: Jews, Arabs, and Judeo-Arabic in Colonial North Africa,” at UCLA’s Alan D. Leve
Center for Jewish Studies. The lecture explores Judeo-Arabic printing, as well as reading, writing, and thought among Maghrebi Jews in
19th-century North Africa - a context in which Arab and Jewish cultural influences were fluid and overlapping. The talk concludes with
a discussion with Aomar Boum (UCLA), of Sienna’s recently published monograph on Maghrebi Jewish book history. Watch Sienna’s
lecture and discussion here.

Handwritten Text Recognition Workshop - Princeton
Hidden Stories team members presented their research on Automatic Text Recognition (ATR) and Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR)
at the “Source Codes of the Past” conference, held at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Princeton, in June. Organized by Princeton
University’s Manuscripts, Rare Books and Archival Studies initiative (MARBAS) and the Center for Digital Humanities (CDH), along with
IAS, the workshop included training sessions on ATR/HTR followed by presentations on HTR and AI-powered tools being developed to
analyze ancient and medieval texts in new ways. Hidden Stories co-PI Alexandra Gillespie gave a virtual presentation on reading text
fragments inside bindings using microCT and deep learning. Collaborators Sloane Geddes and Ajay Rao (UofT) presented their work
on developing HTR tools for Sanskrit scripts and Sebastian Sobecki (UofT) delivered a talk on scribal communities and the production
of literature in medieval London. The workshop brought together humanists (language experts, historians, philologists) and computer
scientists, programmers, and engineers to discuss the future of AI-trained software for work with early handwritten texts.

Science Rendezvous - The Hidden Lives of Historical Books
On May 10, 2025, Hidden Stories Doctoral Fellow Christina Nguyen (UofT) led
a team of students, staff, and researchers from the Old Books New Science
Lab in organizing an interactive booth introducing scientific approaches to “the
hidden lives of historical books” at this year’s Science Rendezvous at UofT St.
George. “Our research is grounded in community, and this event allowed us to
share the scientific side of book studies with the public in a tactile, engaging
way,” said Nguyen.

Christina Nguyen, Stephanie Lahey, and Amy Airhart-Sheldon (RT to
LT) teaching the use of a dino-lite digital microscope at the Science
Rendezvous booth “The Hidden Lives of Historical Books.” Photo
credit: Science Rendezvous

4

�PUBLICATIONS

Traditional Care of Wampum Belts from the new Hidden Stories series on traditional
care practices for global books.

Filmmaker Chris Monette filming Amanda McLeod with wampum belts in the
conservation lab at the NMAI Cultural Resource Centre in Suitland, Maryland. Photo:
Melissa Moreton

New Video - Traditional Care Practices for Wampum
The Hidden Stories Digital Hub expands with a new video in the Traditional Care Practices series on care of wampum belts with
independent conservator and curator Amanda McLeod (Sagkeeng Anicinabe Nation). The video was filmed with wampum belts at the
National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI), Smithsonian Institution, and the NMAI Cultural Resource Center, where McLeod had
previously served as a conservation intern. The video highlights institutional obligations of those holding Indigenous belongings and
the importance of connecting with community members who can advise on their care. As McLeod notes, “Our stories have been told
for us for so many generations” with the institutional attitude of “we know what’s best.” She emphasizes that the best way to work
toward reconciliation and decolonization, and shift the institutional mindset from “owners of objects” to “custodians of collections,”
is to collaborate with source communities in a respectful way since they hold the most important knowledge of their belongings. View
the video and others in the series here.

Early Modern Jewish Books in North Africa
In June, Indiana University Press released Jewish Books in North Africa: Between the Early Modern
and Modern Worlds, a monograph by Hidden Stories Postdoctoral Fellow Noam Sienna. The volume
examines book production, distribution, and use among North African Jews from the late medieval
period to the 19th century, demonstrating the ways in which books connected vibrant networks of
Sephardic Jews within a complex and interconnected Mediterranean world.

More-Than-Human Beings in the Eastern Himalayas
Hidden Stories team member Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia published “Rituals to Make the Rain Fall on Time
and Mend the Concrete Caves: Propitiating the Land as Repair and Care in Sikkim” (Yin-Cheng Journal
of Contemporary Buddhism 1.2 (2024) [2025]: 109-136). In the article, Bhutia explores Indigenous and
Buddhist concepts of abundance and more-than-human beings in local knowledge, including historical
texts and rituals, concerning land relations in Sikkim in the eastern Himalayas which differ sharply
from discourses of colonial extraction.

New publication by Noam Sienna,
Jewish Books in North Africa.

5

�RESEARCH UPDATES
Fibre Analysis of a Colonial Mexican Manuscript
This June a Toronto team undertook fibre analysis of the Techialoyan codex
Axoloapan Xoloctlan (1690-1720), which is now in the care of the Thomas
Fisher Rare Book Library, as part of a larger effort to learn more about this
colonial Mexican manuscript and the community that made it. Fibre analysis
was led by cultural heritage conservator Itzel Sánchez Alonso, with Maia
Balint (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library), Jess Lockhart, and Aaron Au (Yip
Fibre showing helicoidal ornamentation under (left) polarized and (right)
colour-transmitted light. Images taken at the Yip Lab with ZEISS Axio Z1
optical microscope, 40x magnification.

Lab, UofT). Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican codices were usually written on
amatl, made from the inner bark of a ficus tree, but occasionally on maguey,
made from agave fibres using a different process. Alonso’s analysis identified

ficus fibre structures that confirmed that this colonial book, created up to two hundred years after the conquest of Mexico, is likewise
written on amatl, with possible agave fibres identified in the binding cord. This identification confirms an important part of this book’s
manufacture using traditional materials.

Munsee Delaware Research Trip to Europe
Ian McCallum and John Nicholas (both from Munsee-Delaware Nation), John Moses
(Delaware and Upper Mohawk bands, Six Nations of the Grand River Territory) and
Hidden Stories co-PI Suzanne Conklin Akbari travelled to Germany and Scotland
in June 2025 to visit with Munsee belongings in European collections. The trip
included visits with wampum belts, ceremonial masks, and other belongings at
the Ethnological Museum (Berlin) and Karl May Museum (Radebeul), Germany, and
the David Livingstone Birthplace Museum in Blantyre, Scotland. The visits with
ancestral belongings were powerful and Nicholas noted that he felt a renewed
respect and awe for the skills of his ancestors, the mask carvers and wampum
belt creators of his community. Moses’ reflections on the trip are summed up in
the question: “How do we decolonize, Indigenize and unsettle existing institutions,
while setting in place the conditions necessary for brand new Indigenous-led

Munsee community members visiting with a Delaware (Lenape)
wampum belt, Ethnological Museum, Berlin, 16 June 2025 (LT to RT:
Ian McCallum, John Moses, John Nicholas). Photo: Suzanne Conklin
Akbari

cultural spaces of the future?” The visit continues to establish connections with European institutions holding Indigenous belongings
from Turtle Island, a focus of ongoing work. For the travelers’ report on the trip, read “Visiting with Munsee Delaware Belongings in
Europe” on the Hidden Stories Digital Hub.

Kairouan Manuscript Project Continues
As announced on the Universität Hamburg’s Centre for the Study of Manuscript
Cultures’ site, the Hidden Stories team are delighted to have made an agreement
extending our collaboration with CSMC and Tunisia’s National Heritage Institute
in support of the Kairouan Manuscript Project for another year. We are proud
to continue to support the important work of the early career conservators at
the National Laboratory for the Preservation of Parchment and Manuscripts in
Kairouan, Tunisia.
Fahmi Romdhani, early career conservator working on Islamic
materials as part of the Kairouan Manuscript Project, Tunisia.

6

�Visit with Himalayan Belongings
In May, 2025, Hidden Stories team members Bhutia and Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa (Occidental
College) visited books from Tibet and the Himalayas in the MacDonald Collection at the UofT’s Thomas
Fisher Rare Book Library. Bhutia examined manuscripts with connections to Sikkim, India, studying how
their materiality reflects Indigenous knowledge and care. Holmes-Tagchungdarpa looked at traces of
Himalayan ecology present in the book collection, including paper fibers and ink that indicated the
methods used to make the books and how they were cared for. They were also kindly hosted for a
day of research at the Royal Ontario Museum, where they spent time with books and thangka (Tibetan
Buddhist paintings), including a beautiful pecha / book from the Qing dynasty with painted cover and
protective silk curtain intact (pictured at right), representing a form of care and reverence for the power
held within the book.

What To Do With a Mouldy Book?
In June Hidden Stories’ Alex Gillespie and Jess Lockhart welcomed Joshua Calhoun and Caitlin

Bhutia visiting with a Tibetan prayer
book with painted deities (ROM
957X244). Photo: Melissa Moreton

Calhoun (U Wisconsin-Madison), Andrew Nelson (Western University), Maia Balint (Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library), and James
Scott and Kamaldeep Chhoker (Dalla Lana School of Public Health), to plan new research into the effects of radiation on a book’s
microbiome. The meeting included a tour of UAMH Centre for Global Microfungal Biodiversity, one of the world’s leading repositories
of historical and modern fungi, as well as a visit inside Maia Balint’s conservation studio; expect further updates on this research in
coming months!

Multispectral Imaging with RIT Colleagues
UofT Hidden Stories team members in collaboration with Yuhong He’s Remote
Sensing and Spatial Ecosystem Modeling laboratory and the Andrews Hub
for Book Science were delighted to host Juilee Decker and Dave Messinger of
Rochester Institute of Technology’s Cultural Heritage Imaging, Preservation, and
Research team for two days of training as we set up the Thomas Fisher Rare Book
Library’s new multispectral imaging apparatus with the updated software RIT’s
team has just released. Messinger and Decker also taught our team a new trick:
that in some cases MSI can be used to image through paper pastedowns. Using
this method our team was able to recover evidence of a censor’s stamp and
publication information that had been concealed on a Hebrew early printed book,
Paper covering a censor’s stamp (left), revealed through MSI
imaging on title page (right) of an 18th-c. Sefer Divre Yosef printed
in Livorno. Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Price F 00213.
Photo: Nadav Sharon; MNF image + Histogram: Stephanie J. Lahey

which Lahey and Lockhart presented to the Footprints seminar, and which Hidden
Stories postdoc Noam Sienna has used to recover a new chapter in this book’s
provenance history.

Global Judaica Research Updates
While in the UK this summer, Global Judaica Postdoctoral Fellow Sienna researched 16th-c. Hebrew
printing, supported by a generous grant from the Willison Foundation Charitable Trust. He worked at
Cambridge University Library, the British Library, and the Bodleian Library to identify printed fragments
from the early Constantinople Hebrew press (1493-1530) of the Ibn Nahmias brothers within the
collections of material from the Cairo Genizah. Sienna’s research records copy-specific information
from early Constantinople imprints that will help reconstruct the working process of this press and
document the early movement of its books through provenance research. For more on Global Judaica
research updates, visit the Digital Hub.

Sienna with the Bodleian Library’s
copy of the Arba’ah Turim
(Constantinople, 1493), Oxford.

7

�TEAM UPDATES
Rachel Di Cresce in New Position at UofT’s Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library
We are delighted to share that, as of September 2025, Hidden Stories Project Librarian Rachel Di Cresce will be taking up a new
position as Special Collections Librarian for Book Science at the UofT’s Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library. Rachel will continue her
work with Hidden Stories as part of her new role “developing and coordinating services, communications, and outreach in support
of current scientific and digital scholarly projects for a wide range of researchers, scholars, scientists, and technical staff involved in
Book Science.” Congratulations, Rachel!

Introducing Hidden Stories Doctoral Fellows - Za Thinley Gyatso and Christina Nguyen
Za Thinley Gyatso is a PhD candidate in the Study of Religion, with a Doctoral Collaborative Specialization in Environmental Studies at
the School of the Environment, University of Toronto. He joins the Hidden Stories team as a Doctoral Fellow, continuing his research
on Buddhist ecocritical literature in medieval Tibet, work which sits between Buddhist Studies and Environmental Studies. Along with
his doctoral research, Gyatso has been instrumental in the descriptive inventorying of over 1,500 Tibetan texts in the Lobsang P.
Lhalungpa Collection at the UofT’s East Asian Library, work which will be transformative for the field of Buddhist Studies.
Hidden Stories Doctoral Fellow Christina D. Nguyen is a researcher and librarian specializing in conservation science, digital scholarship,
and cultural heritage preservation. Her doctoral work brings together material science with information and archival practice,
providing evidence-based solutions for conservation practices. Alongside collaborators and facilities at the Faculty of Dentistry, she
is investigating the mechanical properties of collagen in parchment (animal skin), and its degradation due to hydrolysis, oxidation,
or gelatinization. Second, she is developing open-access tools to conduct condition assessments of parchment. For Hidden Stories,
Nguyen has been a brilliant instigator of creative outreach initiatives to share our work with the public.

Doctoral Fellow Za Thinley Gyatso working with Tibetan
manuscripts in the Lhalungpa Collection at the UofT’s East
Asian Library. Photo: Melissa Moreton

Doctoral Fellow Christina Nguyen examining parchment
surface with LED magnifying lamp. Photo: Jennifer Nguyen

Welcome to the Hidden Stories team, Za Thinley and Christina! For more on their work, see the People page.

8

�UPCOMING EVENTS
Exhibition - Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library
Those in the Toronto area are encouraged to visit the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library for 70 Rare Books, Special Collections,
Archives (Sept-Dec 2025), an exhibition of 70 books and documents “recently used in research, teaching, and learning at the
Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library,” honouring the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Department of Rare Books and
Special Collections in the University of Toronto Libraries. Five of the books in the exhibition represent collaborations with the
Old Books New Science Lab, including the Book and the Silk Roads and Hidden Stories projects and the Andrews Hub for Book
Science, and are accompanied by a digital exhibit designed by students from our lab led by Andrews Postdoc Stephanie Lahey.

Visit our Digital Hub to learn more about the project, Hidden Stories: New Approaches to the Local and Global History of the Book
Editorial Credits: Melissa Moreton, Jessica Lockhart, Suzanne Conklin Akbari
Banner image: Detail of folios of the Techialoyan Codex Axoloapan Xoloctlan, depicting agave and cactus plants and writing in
Nahuatl, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
Designer: Azure Pham

9

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